Wildfire Preparedness: Home Hardening, Defensible Space and CA Native Plantings

An American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) rests above the trees in the Verdugo Mountains.

The California landscape is beautiful and unique, home to a plethora of plants and animals found nowhere else in the world. The Giant Sequoia and Coastal Redwood are majestic, and awe-inspiring trees found only in California. The General Sherman tree (a giant sequoia) found in Sequoia national park is thought to be the largest living tree on earth, measuring 274.9 ft high(1) and is estimated to be 2200 years old.(2)

Costa's hummingbird (Calypte costae) rests on Woolly blue curls (Trichostema lanatum).

The California floristic province is an area that stretches along the coast and comprises most of the state.(3) Conservation International defines this province as a biodiversity hot spot for the high number of plants that are endemic to the region (61% of California's plant life is found nowhere else in the world).(4)

A Marine Blue butterfly (Leptotes marina).

These distinct natural wonders and the beautiful Mediterranean climate make California a desirable place to live; it is important as residents of this beautiful state that we all play our part in conserving it.

Red Box picnic area, recovering after the Bobcat Fire.

Wildfires in California are increasing in size, frequency, and intensity, with the two largest wildfires in California history occurring in 2020 and 2021.(5) Human-made changes to the natural environment play a significant role in this increase. Two prominent examples are climate change and increased construction in the area that transitions between developed and undeveloped land, known as the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI).(6)

California Fan Palm (Washingtonia filifera) slowly recovering from burns in the Anza Borrego State Park.

It's important that we become more knowledgeable and work together within our local community to reduce the risk of wildfires. Sarah Barnard, Interior Designer, LEED, and WELL AP, recently achieved her Wildfire Defense Certificate to increase her awareness and preparedness for wildfires and expand her education as a Certified California Naturalist. The United States Green Building Council - Los Angeles (USGBC-LA) hosted the Wildfire Defense Landscaper Certificate Program in partnership with the Theodore Payne Foundation for Wild Flowers & Native Plants.(7)

Migrating Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) roosting.

USGBC-LA's mission is to utilize the built environment "transform Southern California into a more sustainable region for all"(8) through a series of educational programs, workshops, and community initiatives. The Theodore Payne Foundation for Wild Flowers & Native Plants is a non-profit organization whose goal is "to transform our region into sustainable, healthy communities" by "educating all people about the role native plants play in the local ecology, their place in our gardens, and how everyone can take part in making Southern California more life-sustaining."(9)

California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum).

Designing our homes and their surroundings with wildfire prevention in mind is extremely important in California. Built structures commonly burn before vegetation, ignited by wind-blown embers, radiant heat, or direct flame contact. The WUI (areas of land where houses and nature blend together) is becoming more dense, growing by about 2 million acres per year.(10) Currently, more than 60,000 communities within the WUI are at risk from wildfire in California,(11) and it is estimated that this number will increase to six times as many in the next 30 years.(12)

A Townsend's Warbler (Setophaga townsendi ) in California Live Oak tree (Quercus agrifolia).

Fire Hazard Severity Zones (FHSZ) are mapped and utilized by the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) to determine what communities are more at risk from wildfires, and what steps can be taken to reduce that risk through regulations regarding construction and defensible space. These maps also determine if the state, local government, or an individual is responsible for maintaining these requirements.(13) "If you live in a State Responsibility Area (SRA), you are responsible for ensuring that your property is in compliance with California's building and fire codes that call for homeowners to take proactive steps to protect their property from a wildfire."(14)

Scrub Jay (Aphelocoma californica) rests on a neighboring roof.

Wildfire protection has become such an important issue that Governor Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill 38, which requires “the seller of any real property located in a high or very high fire hazard severity zone to provide a prescribed disclosure notice to the buyer, if the home was constructed before January 1, 2020, of information relating to fire hardening improvements on the property and a list of specified features that may make the home vulnerable to wildfire and flying embers and which features, if any, that exist on the home of which the seller is aware. The bill, on or after July 1, 2025, would require the disclosure notice to also include the State Fire Marshal’s list of low-cost retrofits. The bill would also require a seller who has obtained a specified final inspection report to provide to the buyer a copy of that report or information on where a copy may be obtained.” (15)

The CalFire website has more information about requesting a Defensible Space Inspection as well as a FHSZ Viewer to help identify if a property is located in a high or very high fire hazard severity zone.

Designing our homes and their surroundings with wildfire prevention in mind is extremely important in California.

The concept of defensible space is one step we can take to protect our homes from wildfires. This strategy involves dividing the area around the home into a series of zones to create a buffer between the building and surrounding vegetation. Hardscape (pathways, gutters, etc.) maintenance, such as regularly clearing access roads, pathways, and gutters from debris that may ignite from falling embers, is an important component of defensible space. Ignition from wind-blown embers is a primary source of homes catching fire. Hardscape maintenance also includes trimming tree branches so that they are at least ten feet from the roof and relocating woodpiles to at least 30 feet from the house. Cal Fire offers a defensible space assessment for homeowners to help them decide what changes they may need to make in the area surrounding their property.

A California Thrasher (Toxostoma redivivum ) perched on Lemondade Berry (Rhus integrifolia).

In March 2020, the city of Malibu (which is located within a FHSZ), introduced The Fire-Resistant Landscaping Ordinance,(16) which restricts the kind of vegetation that can be planted around a home as a means to reduce the risk and spread of fires within the community.

A Lesser Goldfinch (Spinus psaltria ) feeds on Chia (Salvia columbariae).

While "any plant will burn under the right conditions,"(17) some plant species native to California have evolved in the dry climate to retain moisture and do not ignite as easily or contribute to fueling the intensity of wildfires as much as plants that contain a lot of oils, and resins. If kept well irrigated, spaced out, and regularly cleared of debris that may be combustible, these native plants can play a role in creating defensible space around our homes as well as providing habitat for wildlife and pollinators.(18)

Lemondade Berry (Rhus integrifolia).

Some of Sarah's favorite fire-resistant plants in her garden include the California Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia), an evergreen tree that has thick bark that insulates against heat and a dense canopy that resists ignition by flying embers;(19) these trees can live up to 250 years. The Lemonade Berry (Rhus integrifolia) is a drought-tolerant evergreen shrub that is fairly fire resistant and can contribute to creating a boundary that intercepts flying embers, and its berries are also a significant food source for local wildlife.(20)

Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia).

Toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia) is a beautiful perennial shrub that is easy to grow and can be utilized as an excellent hedge plant. Toyon is fire-resistant when given enough water, and its flowers and berries attract a variety of moths, butterflies, and birds.

A Red-tailed Hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) sitting on wood fence.

Home "Hardening" is another step we can take to protect our homes from wildfires. Home Hardening focuses on the material elements of the building and how they can be maintained to minimize the risk of ignition. Built components of Home Hardening include using Class A non-combustible roofing materials; as well as sealing off entry points for embers by installing non-combustible leaf guards on gutters, metal vents, and shutters, and covering the chimney with non-combustible corrosion-resistant metal mesh screen. Windows also need to be considered when hardening your home as they can break due to heat, creating entry points for embers. Steps to reduce this risk include installing dual pane windows, limiting the number and size of windows facing vegetation, and installing screens.

A Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) grazing on Purisima Island Mallow (Malva 'Purisima') under the shade of a California Live Oak tree (Quercus agrifolia).

California is a beautiful place to live, and we can all work within our local community towards positive solutions that help protect our homes and the environment against wildfires. Our design studio is deeply inspired by nature, and we cherish the diverse ecosystems found in California and draw from their beauty.

Works Cited

1. “The Largest Trees in the World.” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, https://www.nps.gov/seki/learn/nature/largest-trees-in-world.htm. 

2. “General Sherman Tree (U.S. National Park Service).” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, https://www.nps.gov/places/000/general-sherman-tree.htm. 

3. “Hotspot: California on the Edge.” National Parks Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, https://www.nps.gov/goga/learn/management/index.htm.

4. “Explore the Biodiversity Hotspots.” CEPF, https://www.cepf.net/our-work/biodiversity-hotspots. 

5. Top 20 Largest California Wildfires. https://www.fire.ca.gov/media/4jandlhh/top20_acres.pdf. 

6. “What Is the WUI?” U.S. Fire Administration, 8 June 2022, https://www.usfa.fema.gov/wui/what-is-the-wui.html. 

7. Johnson, Erin. “Wildfire Defense Certificate: Landscaper Module.” United States Green Building Council Los Angeles Chapter, Sept 2022, https://usgbc-la.org/

8. “Our Mission - USGBC-La.” USGBC, 4 Aug. 2022, https://usgbc-la.org/our-mission/. 

9. “About.” Theodore Payne Foundation, https://theodorepayne.org/about/. 

10. Li, Shu, et al. “Mapping the Wildland-Urban Interface in California Using Remote Sensing Data.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 6 Apr. 2022, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-09707-7. 

11. Li, Shu, et al. “Mapping the Wildland-Urban Interface in California Using Remote Sensing Data.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 6 Apr. 2022, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-09707-7. 

12. “California Properties at Risk of Wildfire Expected to See Sixfold Increase in 30 Years.” Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles Times, 17 May 2022, https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-05-16/california-properties-at-risk-of-wildfire-expected-to-grow. 

13. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE). “Fire Hazard Severity Zones.” Cal Fire Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, https://osfm.fire.ca.gov/divisions/community-wildfire-preparedness-and-mitigation/wildfire-preparedness/fire-hazard-severity-zones/. 

14. “Fire Safety Laws.” Ready for Wildfire, 22 July 2021, https://www.readyforwildfire.org/more/fire-safety-laws/. 

15. “AB-38 Fire Safety: Low-Cost Retrofits: Regional Capacity Review: Wildfire Mitigation.” Bill Text - AB-38 Fire Safety: Low-Cost Retrofits: Regional Capacity Review: Wildfire Mitigation., https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB38.

16. “Fire-Resistant Landscaping .” Site ID, https://www.malibucity.org/1035/Fire-Resistant-Landscaping. 

17. “Preparing Home Landscaping.” University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, https://ucanr.edu/sites/fire/Prepare/Landscaping/. 

18. “Habitat Gardening.” California Native Plant Society, 27 June 2022, https://www.cnps.org/gardening/native-design-basics/habitat-gardening. 

19. David. “Fire-Resistant Landscaping.” California Native Plant Society, 17 May 2022, https://www.cnps.org/flora-magazine/fire-resistant-landscaping-23654. 

20. “Lemonade Berry, Rhus Integrifolia.” California Native Plant Society, https://calscape.org/Rhus-integrifolia-(Lemonade-Sumac). 

Further Resources

https://usgbc-la.org/programs/wildfire-defense-education-and-tours/

https://usgbc-la.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Wildfire-Toolkit-2022-1.pdf

www.readyforwildfire.org

Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, is a leading designer of personalized, sustainable spaces that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah has appeared in Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV, and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was honored as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Nature Inspired Home: West Coast Wellness

 Reclaimed, FSC certified elm wood flooring with a no VOC finish was used throughout the home, bringing in natural color and patterning while giving careful consideration to environmental impact.

A connection with the environment that surrounds us encourages wellness; this can manifest within the home in multiple ways. Biophilic design incorporates aesthetic elements of the outdoors into the home. Using natural, organic, sustainable, and ethically sourced materials contributes to a healthy living environment that promotes eco-friendly production methods. Also, considering sustainable, functional elements for the household benefits the environment and contributes to self-sufficiency for contemporary living.

Entryway featuring hand made sconces by artist David Wiseman.

The owner of this West Coast residence considered all of these elements when remodeling their oceanside home. Being naturalists and environmentalists, they wanted their home to reflect their passion for nature while contributing to conserving it through sustainable materials and energy sources. Pollination was chosen as a cohesive concept throughout the house, as it is a crucial component of our environment which is also beautiful. This house achieves a dual function of being practical/sustainable and also aesthetically pleasing. Visual signifiers of pollination, such as flowers, bees, moths, and birds, appear within functional and decorative elements throughout the house.

Designed for rest and rejuvenation, the wellness room takes advantage of sweeping ocean views and ample natural lighting. A wooden bench made by a local artisan displays art by Karen Sikie for a calming, nature inspired backdrop for yoga or meditation.

The wellness room has a beautiful view overlooking the ocean. Interior designer Sarah Barnard, WELL and LEED AP took a minimalist approach to this room, using fine yet simple materials to highlight the beautiful outdoor surroundings and existing architectural features such as the ceiling beams. Sarahs' design practice focuses on wellness, and this simplicity helps to create a relaxing and soothing environment. This approach also utilizes the ample natural light of the space, while large articulating sconces are a functional design feature within the room that offers alternative lighting options. This room also features a moth collage by Karen Sikie. Karen creates a form of collage called "paper mosaics" made from an array of recycled decorative papers; her work takes inspiration from the beauty of nature and our connection to it. Her work  is featured throughout the house. 

The primary bathroom’s grounding charcoal palette features Pietra Grey marble in the shower, vanity and window casings.

The primary bathroom incorporates natural materials through bespoke design elements developed with meticulous attention to detail. These include tailor-made stone moldings and found stones used as faucet handles.

Found stones transformed into faucet handles.

The rough-hewn quality of the wall tile creates a 3D texture that highlights the earthy qualities of its material. These tiles are a specialized form of ceramic that was traditionally used for Japanese roofing; the firing process makes each tile unique, adding to the overall hand-made feel.

A custom vanity in spalted silver maple stores towels and personal items.

This balance between luxury production and rugged, natural materials are echoed in the custom vanity hand-made by a local artisan. The soft curve of the cabinet corner creates a soothing and calm aesthetic. Built elements such as outlets are recessed into the vanity and camouflaged by the same wood veneer covering the outlet plate, minimizing the intrusion of functional elements within the space.

The custom closet made in collaboration with a local craftsperson features adjustable shelving to accommodate changing needs. A compartment with swinging door was designed to hide a safe.

The full entry closet is tailor-made from Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Certified Ash, chosen for its beautiful sheen. This specialized cabinetry features built-in drawers for storing clothes and a mirror framed in the same woodwork. This cabinetry also conceals functional features such as a safe for keeping cherished family heirlooms/valuables.

A quiet office space with built in bookshelves made in collaboration with a local artisan, using FCS certified reclaimed elm wood. A roman shade made with Tradescant & Son fabric references the hummingbirds nesting out the window, and celebrates the homeowner’s love of birding.

The owner studies and photographs birds and wanted to reflect this passion in their home office space. The rustic shape of reclaimed wood is integrated into the design of the desk, transforming its natural form into a functional object. An assortment of eco-inspired objects, such as a vintage brass bird lamp, frog bookends, and mineral specimens, decorate the room. This room also features a fabric Roman shade made from Tradescant's hummingbird stripe fabric. Hummingbirds not only relate to the client's interest in studying birds they also play an important role in pollination.

The living room features a custom concrete fireplace inlaid with copper, inspired by Japanese Kintsugi pottery. A glowing overhead light handmade from washi paper harkens a resemblance to whales and seashells, a quiet reference to the ocean nearby. 

A prominent feature of the living room is a custom-built concrete fireplace with a copper inlay inspired by Japanese Kintsugi pottery. Thought to have originated in the 15th century, Kintsugi is the practice of repairing broken pottery with metal staples, gold, or gold/lacquer compound. The repairs become a beautiful design element of the restored piece. The copper inlay within the concrete fireplace touches on this aesthetic and philosophical view, connecting the house's architecture to ideas of sustainable practices such as repairing objects and recycling materials. These ideas carry through in the hand-crafted coffee table made from repurposed wood, the imperfections of its natural form reclaimed and celebrated as a piece of furniture.

The layered technique in this work of art by Ivy Jacobson brings a calm and dreamy quality to the room.

This room also features a painting by Ivy Jacobson, whose work seeks to reflect the feeling of peace and calm experienced when surrounded by nature. The wall sconces in the living room made from poured porcelain were specially designed by Sarah, who worked with a local artisan to fabricate them. They take inspiration from the calming ocean view seen from the client's home. This influence of the ocean continues within the living room light fixture, hand-made from washi paper; this feature is light and airy, giving the feeling of floating in the sea and subtly resembling a seashell.

Glowing porcelain floral light fixtures in the family room.

The porcelain flower lighting fixtures in the family room create an organic flow from the living room as their shape and material are harmonious with those in the former. Sarah customized the color temperature of these pendant lights from 3000k to 2700k. This room also features a painting of birds by Kaoru Mansour, reflecting the homeowners' interest in ornithology.

Custom cabinets made in collaboration with a local artisan are painted in a warm grey to bring out the dove tones in the marble. The counter tops were specified to reach the clients ideal height for food preparation. The kitchen is designed for ease of use and calm, creating a mindful experience for cooking.

Sarah designed the kitchen to be an ergonomic space with counter heights customized to meet the owner's functional needs. Fine quality details such as solid bronze cabinet handles and recessed shelves made from slabs of glass combine beauty with functionality. The pantry was designed with additional cold food storage concealed within specialized cabinetry, contributing to the household's self-sufficiency.

A custom vanity and matching mirror in the half bath made in collaboration with a local craftsperson is complimented with a glass mosaic tile, inspired by kelp forests.

The 2nd bathroom draws from the home's proximity to the ocean; the sink features a raised pattern of Koi fish, and kelp-inspired glass mosaic tiles adorn the wall.

A small soaking tub by the window for relaxing and reflecting, while enjoying the views of nature. The window casings and baseboards were designed with Bardiglio Marble, also used on the shower and vanity. 

This bathroom features details such as bronze cabinet hardware, custom stone molding, and a round soaking tub, making economical use of limited space. The drop-down shower seat is made from FSC Certified, responsibly harvested teak.

David Wiseman geranium sconces are the first work of art you see when entering the home, and offer a moment of beauty and appreciation before continuing deeper into the house.  

The entryway to the house features two bronze wall sconces by David Weisman, an American designer whose work draws deep inspiration from the natural world. The simplicity of the entryway brings attention to the subtle elegance of these sconces, which examine the beauty in something as humble as the Geranium leaf.

A custom, laser cut railing was designed with a Queen Anne’s lace pattern, a plant beloved by butterflies and bees.

The stairway features a one-of-a-kind railing designed by Sarah; the cutouts are silhouettes of Queen Anne's Lace, a plant favored by pollinators. The stairwell also features wall sconces shaped like abstracted tulips.

The laundry room is lined with terrazzo, with ample surface space for folding clothing. An overhead railing provides hanging space, while dual dryers speed up the laundry process for added efficiency.

Even though the laundry is a functional space, Sarah gave much consideration to the aesthetic elements of this room. The artisanal floor tile is an 8-inch hexagonal shape made from concrete and recycled clay; this tile is subtly reminiscent of a honeycomb, while its materials are also sustainable. The terrazzo counter is made with recycled materials produced from factory leftovers. The existing footprint of the laundry was reconfigured to include a laundry sink, washer, and two dryers to facilitate the self-sufficiency of the owner and their family.

The half bath is a dreamy retreat, with Navy Blue Onyx floors and vanity. Patterned tiles create an immersive field of flowers.

The half bath features a flower field wall tile, creating an immersive abstract floral space. The floor, vanity, and molding are tailor-made from onyx, highlighting the natural beauty of these fine materials.

The guest bedroom features a custom closet and built in storage made in collaboration with a local artisan, using reclaimed, FSC certified elm used in the home’s flooring, all finished with a no VOC material. The TV pulls out to reveal additional storage. 

The guest bedroom features hand-crafted cabinetry made from FSC Certified Elm. Details within this room, such as bronze cast drawer pulls shaped like moths and specially designed vents in the shape of a honeycomb, summon the presence of pollinators as we encounter them in the outside world.

An overhead floral light in the guest bedroom. The heat sink stamen was custom made with a personalized copper finish.

Sarah customized the flower-shaped ceiling light, working with the manufacturer to make the stamen in a personalized copper finish. The scale of this flower light almost creates a surrealist element within the room, as the person inhabiting this space experiences the pollinators' perspective.

The honey toned bathroom is an homage to bees and butterflies in this pollinator suite, a walk-in work of art for finding peace and beauty. Copper tiles line a magical, shimmery shower space with a honey glow.

The guest bathroom is perhaps the most visually striking within the residence. This room features cabinets hand-made from locally salvaged sycamore and bronze cast moth-shaped hardware.

The custom honeycomb tiles were made with Giallo Sienna marble, and inlaid with decorative bees. Head to toe details and a variety of textures create multiple sensory opportunities that encourage mindfulness.

The hexagonal floor tiles were crafted especially for this residence from a piece of marble sourced by Sarah specifically for its golden honey tones. This material was shaped into hexagonal tiles, some of which include a golden bee inlay. The copper-tone tile within the shower itself creates a luxuriously ornate, glimmering collection of textures.

The dining room wall features a fireplace, raised to be eye level with the table for a mesmerizing visual display during meals. A wall to wall tile surround adds texture and shimmer, bouncing the light of the flames.

The dining room features a delicate hand-made porcelain illuminated Ginkgo leaf sculpture specially crafted for the room. The custom dining table partners harmoniously with the classic Cherner chairs. The fireplace was redesigned to replace burning wood with natural gas, an eco-friendlier alternative. A driving force of this renovation was to become more sustainable and less dependent on the grid, with the client installing solar panels and converting all other gas appliances to electric to make the house sustainable and self-sufficient.

This delicate hand-made porcelain illuminated Ginkgo leaf sculpture was specially crafted for the dining room.

The ways in which we coexist with the natural world in our everyday life have the potential to resonate beyond us. Promoting a sense of calm, harmony, and well-being and possibly motivating practical actions that make a meaningful contribution to preserving environments for future generations. This West Coast Wellness residence is a beautiful example of these ideals. Here, the beauty of art seeks to inspire eco-consciousness and living by example within a home that prioritizes sustainability.

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah has appeared in Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a "Ones to Watch" Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Do Women Design Differently than Men? The influence of Phyllis Birkby on Design Practice.

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by thirdman, CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

Women make innovative and profound contributions to the world of architecture and design. Architects such as Dame Zaha Hadid, the first woman to win the Pritzker Prize in 2004, are an inspiration to women in the field.

Public Farm 1 by WORKac at MOMA PS1 Contemporary Art Center, Long Island City, NY 2008, Photo by Anne Jessye, CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION 2.0

Many women bring a unique perspective, interest, and understanding of architectural space and how it interacts with the natural world around it. Architects such as Amale Andros, Dean of Colombia University's Graduate School of Architecture Planning and Preservation (GSAPP), also the co-founder of WORKac; an architectural organization that seeks to re-imagine architecture "at the intersection of the urban, the rural, and the natural."(1) Maya Lin is an architect, land artist, and sculptor whose work centers on nature and sustainability with the goal "of making a place for individuals within the landscape."(2)

Environmental Art "Flutter" by Maya Lin, Soil and St. Augustine grass, 459 x 105 feet, U.S. Courthouse, Miami, Florida, 2005, Photographs in the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division; Forms part of the Carol M. Highsmith Archive, PUBLIC DOMAIN

This shift in thinking reflects the changes that were happening within American society and contemporary culture during the 1960s and 70s. Phylis Birkby belonged to this earlier generation of lesser-known women architects; who made important contributions to the innovative ideas emerging within women and queer-led collectives at the time.

Born in 1932 in New Jersey, Noel Phyllis Birkby showed an interest in architecture as a child. At the time, she was discouraged from pursuing a career in architecture because she was a woman, so she decided to study Art instead. It wasn't until 1958, when Phyllis had a chance meeting with a woman architect who encouraged her to pursue formal training, that Phyllis considered architecture as a career. In 1959 she enrolled in night classes at the Cooper Union School of Architecture, and in 1966 she enrolled in the graduate program at Yale, where she was one of only six women in a class of 200.

Waterside Plaza in Manhattan, image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by Life of Pix, CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

From 1966 to 1972, Phyllis worked for the Davis Brody and Associates firm in New York City. She contributed to significant projects such as the Long Island University Library Learning Center in Brooklyn and the Waterside Plaza in Manhattan during this time. The Long Island University Library Learning Center was not designed as one cohesive campus, which made it a unique project. Instead, it was a collection of buildings that had to be somehow connected. She described this as "designed more as fabric than a building"(3) as her design sought to "knit" or "weave" the buildings together. The use of descriptive metaphors such as weaving and knitting often occurs in the written work of Phyllis Birkby. This is a conscious reference to what was traditionally considered "women's work" and thus not viewed as a relevant or important viewpoint within architectural design at the time.

Women knitting, vocational studies public schools, Photographer Unknown, taken between 1918 and 1920, National Photo Company Collection, Gift; Herbert A. French; 1947, PUBLIC DOMAIN

In 1973 Phyllis Birkby came out publicly as a lesbian and resigned from her job at Davis Brody Associate to start her independent architectural practice. She started participating in feminist consciousness-raising groups, which led to developing a series of environmental fantasy workshops in the mid-1970s to "discover the unique perspective women could bring to the built environment."(4) This innovative approach to conceptual architectural drawing led her to re-think the relationship between architecture, nature, and how these spaces interact.

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by Karolina Grabowska, CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

In 1974 Phyllis co-founded the Women's School of Planning and Architecture (WSPA) with fellow architects and designers Katrin Adam, Ellen Perry Berkeley, Bobbie Sue Hood, Marie I. Kennedy, Joan Forrester Sprague, and Leslie Kanes Weisman. The WSPA was an "influential experimental summer school for women in environmental design professions and trades."(5) The first session of classes was held in Maine in 1975, and the second in Santa Cruz in 1976. The group chose to hold classes in locations with a robust natural environment (often holding classes on the beach) or buildings with a neutral presence.

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by mododeolhar CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

This school provided an alternative and active learning experience fostering community and inspiring innovation amongst women in environmental design. Participants were encouraged to approach design through an investigation of their personal identity and an awareness of the "way we see form and the way we react to design issues from our personal perspective" Phyllis called this awareness an "environmental self-portrait."(6)

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by Nathan Cowley CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

This new approach to architecture and its relationship with the natural environment Phyllis Birkby developed manifest in several of her projects. One of these was a commission in Long Island to build a studio for a friend that was a sculptor. There were no formal drawings made for this project, only conceptual. The structure was built organically over time, figuring out issues and construction as they progressed. The building included a large skylight to maximize access to natural light within the space and bring the surrounding natural environment into the building.

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by Lars Mai, CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

Large windows which capture beautiful views of natural landscapes were also a design feature of a house that Phyllis designed by the ocean in the Hamptons. The original design for this house included frameless corner windows, which would capture beautiful scenic views of the surrounding ocean. When designing this building, Phyllis also considered how someone would move from the interior of the house out into nature, from the deck to the woods, to the ocean.

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by Cherylanne Hsieh, CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

Phyllis Birkby made an important contribution to the visibility of queer women within architecture in many ways. She was a member of and held conferences for the Organization of Lesbian and Gay Architects and Designers in NY (OLGAD); in 1972, she helped found the Alliance of Women in Architecture, a group aimed to bring a sense of inclusion and cohesion to the burgeoning community that was women in architecture. The Alliance of Women in Architecture provided a safe space where emerging and established women in the architectural field could engage and thrive.

Image courtesy of Pexels, Photo by Karolina Grabowska, CREATIVE COMMONS ZERO (CC0)

Although the Alliance of Women in Architecture disbanded in the 1990s, the legacy and work of organizations such as this lives on. When this group was founded in 1972, less than 2% of registered architects in the United States were women. That number today has grown to 23.3%, and some of the most prestigious architecture programs in the country have appointed women as deans or directors (Colombia, Yale, Princeton, Berkley, the University of Virginia, and the University of California).

Works Cited

1. WORKarc. “About.” About - WORKac, https://work.ac/about/.

2. “Women in Architecture : 10 Successful Female Architects You Should Know.” Arch2O.Com, 20 Aug. 2021, https://www.arch2o.com/women-in-architecture-10-successful-female-architects-you-should-know/.

3. Schroeder, Stephanie. “Noel Phyllis Birkby.” Now What?! Advocacy, Activism & Alliances in American Architecture Since 1968, Now What?! Advocacy, Activism & Alliances in American Architecture Since 1968, 31 Oct. 2019, https://www.nowwhat-architexx.org/articles/2018/3/18/noel-phyllis-birkby.

4. “Birkby, Phyllis.” Birkby, Phyllis - Social Networks and Archival Context, https://snaccooperative.org/view/10020062.

5. “Birkby, Phyllis.” Birkby, Phyllis - Social Networks and Archival Context, https://snaccooperative.org/view/10020062.

6. “Alberto Bertoli & Phyllis Birkby (1980).” YouTube, YouTube, 25 Sept. 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7O5d4OD41oA.

Further Resources

1. Vider, Stephen. “Fantasy Is the Beginning of Creation.” PLATFORM, PLATFORM, 27 June 2022, https://www.platformspace.net/home/fantasy-is-the-beginning-of-creation.

2. “Public Farm One at MOMA PS1.” Architect, 7 Feb. 2014, https://www.architectmagazine.com/project-gallery/public-farm-one-at-moma-ps1-3673.

3. “Building Sisterhood: How Feminists Sought to Make Architecture a Truly Collective Endeavor.” Metropolis, 9 Sept. 2021, https://metropolismag.com/viewpoints/women-feminism-american-architecture/.

4. “Gender in the Architecture Profession.” Architecture Careers Guide, 9 July 2020, https://www.archcareersguide.com/gender-in-the-architecture-profession/#:~:text=Currently%2C%20only%2017%20percent%20(2020,of%20registered%20architects%20are%20women.%E2%80%9D.

5. “Architect Demographics and Statistics [2022]: Number of Architects in the US.” Architect Demographics and Statistics [2022]: Number Of Architects In The US, 9 Sept. 2022, https://www.zippia.com/architect-jobs/demographics/.

6. The American Institute of Architects: Status of Women in The Architectural Profession. Task Force Report 1975. The American Institute of Architects, https://content.aia.org/sites/default/files/2018-03/Archives_StatusWomenArchitecturalProfession_1975.pdf.

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah has appeared in Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a "Ones to Watch" Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID). 

Designing Naturally: Enhancing Interior Spaces Through Biophilia

Matilija Poppy Wallpaper in Natural from Kale Tree.

A connection with nature has always been appealing in design. However, world factors like increased time spent indoors and a newfound awareness and appreciation of nature as we experience environmental shifts from climate change have potentially contributed to a desire for nature to be a more prominent part of daily life.

Mallow Wallpaper in Midnight Forest from Kale Tree.

While there are endless possibilities and applications for biophilic design, there are a few methods that can be applied to most design projects:

1. Mirroring local flora and fauna. Part of the benefit of biophilic design is creating a connection to our environment, minimizing feelings of isolation prevalent in contemporary and urban living. By drawing a connection to local plants and wildlife, interior spaces can feel increasingly connected to the land outside our doors, offering a feeling of inclusion and expansion. While any natural themes can provide benefits, sourcing inspiration from nature in the vicinity of the building can help foster a more intimate connection. 

Custom Pelican Design by Kale Tree.

2. Utilize scale. Many clients may be hesitant to utilize floral or natural patterns for fear of them feeling overly old-timey. However, natural prints don’t need to be literal to be effective. Playing with scale can help alter the mood or energy of the space, offering more traditional or contemporary options. A large print can feel modern or dramatic and provides an opportunity to admire details of the image, which then can feel like a work of art in the space, particularly if designing for a room with high ceilings. Areas where people are spending shorter periods may benefit from the drama of a large-scale print. Smaller patterning, particularly in muted tones, can offer a quieter approach, creating a visual texture when a subtle background is needed.

Matilija Poppy Wallpaper from Kale Tree.

3. Consider all aspects of the environment. Celebrating nature through biophilic design offers an opportunity to consider the environmental effects of design choices and practices. When sourcing products, natural, organic, and green guard certified materials may cause less harm to the natural environment during production while helping to improve indoor air quality. When considering biophilic options, opting for the most natural materials possibles help bolster the connection to nature while being more considerate of the environmental effects of the design process.

Mallow Wallpaper by Kale Tree.

These biophilic design applications can help create comforting and soothing spaces for clients that reflect and respect the natural environment. As biophilic principles remain a regular part of interior design, we hope that design and production practices prioritize sustainability and care for nature.

Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, is a leading designer of personalized, sustainable spaces that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV, and many other publications. She is a California Certified Naturalist, and in 2017, Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Wellness Interior Designer Achieves California Naturalist Certification

Ladder-backed woodpecker (Dryobates scalaris) located in Sequoia National Park, California.

Sarah Barnard, Interior Designer, LEED AP, and WELL AP, has achieved a Naturalist certification through the UC California Naturalist program.

Variable checkerspot (Euphydryas chalcedona) located in Angeles National Forest, California.

In partnership with the Los Angeles Arboretum Foundation and UC Davis, the program offers an opportunity for California residents to study the state's diverse ecology while becoming engaged in its preservation. The course educates and encourages a range of environmental advocacy through a series of lectures, field experience, community engagement, and group projects. Working closely with local nature centers and resources, Naturalists learn more about their local environment and engagement opportunities.

Acorn Woodpecker (Melanerpes formicivorus) granary. Redbox Picnic Area, Angeles National Forest, California.

The course explores topics ranging from local insects, birds, mammals, grasses, and flowering plants to the impacts of fire, development, and invasive plant species, focusing on the importance of biodiversity as a foundation for our environmental health and wellbeing. As an extension of the course, Barnard was inspired to support the Sierra Club's "Stop Clearcutting" campaign to highlight ecological destruction and the necessity of protecting biodiverse environments.

Cyprus tree branch (Subfamily Cupressoidae) located in Sequoia National Park, California.

Clearcutting involves logging natural forests, replacing a diverse range of plant life with a monoculture of trees inferior to the supportive ecosystem of a healthy, biodiverse forest. Removing and replacing existing forests can increase wildfire danger, accelerate climate change, degrade water, and threaten wildlife.

Burned tree located in the Redbox Picnic Area, the site of the 2020 Bobcat Fire in the Angeles National Forest.

Utilizing her skills as an artist in support of the mission of the Sierra Club, Barnard hopes to draw attention to the hazardous environmental impact of clearcutting by contributing photography to the campaign, including California flora, fauna, and funga from Sequoia National Park and the Angeles National Forest. She will be continuing to document forests, bodies of water, and wildlife for the organization throughout the coming year.

Introduced Spanish broom (Spartium junceum) behind a burned tree located in Angeles National Forest, California.

Barnard's practice and work focus on a holistic approach to wellness and sustainability. Her work as a naturalist supports her interior design intent, creating spaces that celebrate nature while considering its preservation.

Burned Manzanita (Arctostaphylos) located in Angeles National Forest, California.

"I've always understood the complexity of our ecosystem and how one living thing may affect another. However, I underestimated the staggering extent of loss that has already occurred and how essential land preservation is as a foundation for greater natural preservation. While we can and should advocate for protecting crucial wildlife like birds, butterflies, and bees, a thriving and protected ecosystem is a necessary underpinning for all natural preservation. I felt drawn to the Sierra Club's prioritization of land conservation in their Stop Clearcutting campaign and their efforts to educate and advocate."

Striped Racer (Masticophis lateralis) located in Angeles National Forest, California.

Barnard advocates for environmentally compassionate design as part of a conscious and inclusive process. She shares her passion for the environment and encourages sustainable design practices through her writing, speaking engagements, and Kale Tree, where she develops sustainable home goods and furnishings.

Wolf Lichen (Letharia vulpina) located in Sequoia National Park, California.

Western Columbine (Aquilegia formosa) located in Los Angeles, California.

Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, is a leading designer of personalized, sustainable spaces that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV, and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Interior Design Renderings: How Photorealistic Drawings Enhance Home Remodeling and Decorating

Rendering

Built design

When designing a new space for a client, one of the clearest ways to help illustrate what the interior design may look and feel like is through renderings.

Rendering

Built design

In the rendering process, designers take information from AutoCAD files and apply the selected materials to create a realistic drawing that can help clients envision the final design.

Autocad drawing

Rendering

Built Design

While the AutoCAD files can share many crucial project details, having a 3D rendering can help illustrate how materials are working together and envision how the layout may affect the experience of being in the space.

Rendering

Built design

This additional information and understanding can help clients recognize any aspects of the design they may want to change before the construction process.

Rendering

Built design

While it's possible to complete a project without renderings, they add immense value to the design process, visually communicating designs with clarity, contributing to positive design outcomes and our client's happiness and satisfaction.

Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, is a leading designer of personalized, sustainable spaces that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV, and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Celebrate Southern California’s Natural Beauty for Earth Day

Happy Earth day!

In Southern California, we are lucky to enjoy a bounty of nature, from the forests to the beaches to the many beautiful nature preserves and hiking trails found throughout Los Angeles.

Exploring opportunities to preserve our natural environments can be an enriching and invigorating way to enjoy these surroundings. Throughout Los Angeles, there are many ways to get involved in caring for these spaces.

Santa Monica Mountains

The Santa Monica Mountains are one of the most striking and wide-ranging natural areas in Los Angeles, with over 500 miles of trails, many overlooking stunning ocean views. The Santa Monica Mountains Trails Council offers a running list of volunteer opportunities. Helping to maintain trails is an incredible way to explore these environments, enjoy fresh air, and build a relationship with the local scenery. 

https://smmtc.org/volunteer/

Angeles Forest: 

The Angeles Forest offers a beautiful escape in the San Gabriel Valley, hosting a range of wildlife and filled with recreation spaces from camping to hiking trails. The Angeles Volunteer Association works to preserve and care for the forest, especially crucial as wildfires significantly impact the area. Volunteering with the association offers an opportunity to help protect this land while exploring its breathtaking scenery.

https://angelesvolunteers.org/av/

Griffith Park: 

One of the most beloved parks in Los Angeles, Griffith Park's vast trails are known for their iconic views, from the Hollywood sign to the Observatory. A favorite stop for LA visitors, this park is home to some of the most famous trails and a wide swath of local flora and fauna. Friends of Griffith Park regularly hosts trail maintenance and planting events for a chance to preserve this historic location while enjoying time outdoors throughout the park. 

https://friendsofgriffithpark.org

Los Angeles River: 

The Los Angeles River has seen a revival in the last several years, greatly due to the efforts of Friends of the LA River. This organization has worked to help mend and restore the ecology of the LA River, prioritizing habitats for native plants and wildlife as they build and repair parks and offering many educational opportunities for LA residents. Their volunteer opportunities include river clean-ups and ranging events for engagement with the river, a pleasant opportunity to enjoy the river and support its revitalization. 

https://folar.org

At Home:

While Earth Day can offer motivation to enjoy the beautiful landscapes throughout the city, it's also a reminder to appreciate the nature in your backyard. There are many ways to enjoy and support the environment without leaving your home. Yard spaces of any size can contribute to the care of local wildlife by providing shelter, food, and water. When well maintained and frequently cleaned, something as simple as a hanging bird feeder can be an excellent way to support local birds and introduce more bird songs to your daily experience. Plantings to attract pollinators, particularly in a range of sizes and colors, may improve both your garden's health and other neighborhood plantings by encouraging the presence of bees and butterflies. Water features (or even just a tiny water dish) can hydrate local creatures, but don't forget to include a rock or stick for smaller birds or animals to leave the water safely.

While we believe in celebrating and caring for the environment every day, Earth Day is a beautiful opportunity to pause and appreciate nature. Take time this Earth Day to enjoy the outdoors, whether from your home or by spending time in a nearby park or natural setting, to celebrate the wonders of our Earth.

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Real Simple, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Sarah Barnard Design Wins Best of Houzz Design Award

Sarah Barnard Design has been awarded Best of Houzz Design this year. This award season marks the 10th anniversary of the Best of Houzz program and Sarah Barnard's sixth consecutive year earning the Best of Houzz Design award. Recipients of the award represent only 3% of the millions of home design professionals on the Houzz platform. The Best of Houzz Design award recognizes home design professionals that provide extraordinary design services and whose Houzz profile was most popular among the design community in the prior year.

Sarah Barnard's Ocean View Penthouse project is especially popular on Houzz. The Ocean View Penthouse project features an inspirational birds-eye view of the coastline, thoughtfully designed with references to nature to calm the senses. Sarah Barnard carefully curated a collection of eco-friendly furnishings and natural textiles, creating a serene space to promote Zen and wellness.

Custom, low-profile seating made with natural materials create a cozy space for conversation around a maple coffee table with a collection of organic objects next to a striking view of the ocean.

The dining area features a custom table made from maple and chrome, highlighted by a delicate chandelier reminiscent of a starry night. For the primary bedroom, Sarah Barnard selected eco-friendly finishes in leather, rattan, maple, and wool to complement a beautiful piece of custom commissioned artwork.

Throughout the years, Sarah Barnard Design has received ample praise from the Houzz community as she exhibits a fantastic source of inspiration for homeowners looking to improve their lives through wellness-focused home design. In addition to her 2022 Best of Design award, Sarah Barnard's Houzz profile was saved over 50,000 times by Houzz users. Her popularity on Houzz has given her several Houzz badges, including Star Houzzer, the Influencer Award, and the Recommended on Houzz badge. As a WELL & LEED accredited interior designer, Sarah Barnard is an expert in sustainable home design with a focus on personal health and mental wellness. With her passion for eco-friendly home design and immense knowledge of non-toxic materials, like-minded clients can achieve a healthy and happy home personalized to each individual's unique needs and sensory desires.

Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, is a leading designer of personalized, sustainable spaces that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah's work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV, and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a "Ones to Watch" Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Top 5 Design Resolutions

Happy New Year! The past two years have taught us that creating a space that is highly personalized to its residents can help foster a positive, healing mindset that is key to preserving mental and physical wellbeing. As a result, home design that is conducive to wellness is more important than ever. In hopes of inspiring change during this time of year, interior designer Sarah Barnard shares her top 5 design resolutions for 2022.

1. Make design decisions based on your needs, even when they defy expectations. 

It's common to get stuck on how we think our homes should look or be and end up ignoring how we are genuinely using our spaces. In a recent Robb report article, "No Visitors, Please: Why America's Biggest Homes Are Designed to Discourage House Guests," Sarah discussed the phenomenon of larger houses unintended for hosting. While at first glance, this may seem counterintuitive for a large space, there is something for designing a home to meet your ideal needs and uses. Whether you are an introvert using extra spaces for personal activities, or an extravert with a banquet hall instead of a dining room, defying expectations may bring you the most joy in your home. 

2. Embrace Nature.

Incorporating nature into your home environment may have many benefits throughout the year, especially in the wintertime. With early nightfall and cold evenings spent inside, having an interior association with nature can help brighten your space and foster a connection with the outdoors. When spending more time huddled indoors, having a reminder of the nature outside may boost happiness. Sarah believes that incorporating nature into your home design is timeless, and thinks we will see an increase in nature-based design as a top design trend in 2022.

3. Let your personal goals carry into your home design. 

Are you trying to eat vegan? Hoping to exercise more or build more creative practices into your day? How we choose to design our homes has the power help us achieve our lifestyle goals subconsciously. Making a creative space easily visible with instruments or art supplies or intuitively reorganizing these spaces may make those activities feel more accessible and easier to incorporate into your day naturally. We may move more at a standing desk or feel inclined to eat more vegetables if our kitchens highlight attractive produce storage. If you're going vegan, making home design choices that are in line with your eating habits may also serve as a reminder of your goals. Sarah spoke with Business of Home about participating in the first Vegan Interior Design Week and designing your home with veganism in mind. 

4. Plan ahead.

While Sarah often discourages clients from designing for the next homeowner, there are a few choices worth considering if selling is in your future. In "4 Things You Shouldn't Do If You Want to Sell Your House," Sarah shared a few items to consider when planning for your home's future.

5. Create time and space for rest. 

Despite the past few years causing additional stress for many, few of us have taken extra time to slow down and care for ourselves. By creating space in your home to rest and rejuvenate, you may find yourself prioritizing time for calm and care. As Sarah discussed in a Review Journal piece, you may choose to create a soothing bedroom space. Or, you may opt for a separate room for yoga and meditation, a cozy corner for reading and daydreaming, or a particularly relaxing bathroom space. No matter how you go about it, devoting areas of your home to relaxation will encourage you to acknowledge the importance of calm.

On behalf of everyone on the Sarah Barnard Design team, we wish you a happy, healthful, and healing New Year!

Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, is a leading designer of personalized, sustainable spaces that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Vogue, HGTV, and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Birds, Butterflies, and Biophilic Designs: Sarah Barnard Becomes Exclusive California Rep for Botanical Eco Textile Line

Sarah Barnard is now the exclusive California representative for Tradescant & Son through Kale Tree Shop's online marketplace. The line features a wide range of nature-inspired luxury eco fabrics and wallpapers made with a sustainability-minded production process.

The foundation of Sarah Barnard's practice is a belief that home design should contribute to wellbeing, both emotionally and globally. Barnard's work focuses on sustainability, emphasizing the importance of nature, both through conscious sourcing and as the inspiration for many of her designs.

The designer's use of natural themes and environmentally conscious materials spoke to the sensibilities and priorities of Tradescant & Son, who recognized Barnard as an ideal representative for their line. Tradescant & Son director Amy Hardman says, "Our 100% linens and the relaxed yet stylish look to our designs promote a holistic and contemporary feel. This, together with the fact that we share a commitment to ensuring sustainability wherever possible by using locally woven fabrics and printers, is a fantastic and exciting foundation for our relationship with Sarah Barnard Design."

The fabrics and wallpapers feature a wide variety of natural themes, from a graphic striped wallpaper composed of vibrant hummingbirds to linen textiles inspired by historic entomology archives from the University of Oxford Museum of Natural History, softly patterned with moths or beetles. With a range of bird fabrics, butterfly patterns, and botanical prints, the timeless patterns nod to historical, scientific illustrations, while their colors and design have a contemporary feel suitable for a diverse array of settings.

On the collaboration, Barnard noted that "As a birder, naturalist, and avid gardener, I was drawn to Tradescant & Son's collection of biophilic prints. Particularly when designing homes in metropolitan areas, I like to turn to natural motifs to stand in for nature that may not be as readily available for someone with a city view. The entire Tradescant & Son collection offers an impressive array of options when looking to bring the experience of wildlife into an interior."

These products are available for purchase through the website www.kaletree.com. Additional support is available for design and trade professionals by contacting shop@kaletree.com.

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah's work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Real Simple, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a "Ones to Watch" Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

The Nature Brain Connection: A consciously designed home feels like a joyful expression of our best selves.

As a WELL and LEED accredited home designer, I focus on environments that support mental, physical, and emotional wellbeing. As our climate continues to shift, I find it increasingly crucial to consider how we engage with and support our natural world. In our studio, the design team makes ongoing efforts to evaluate the larger implications of our lifestyles and acknowledge the role we have in affecting our planet. 

How can designers create environments focusing on our client's health and happiness while applying equal consideration to planetary health and wellbeing? Our research has turned to the philosophical school of cosmopolitcs for an alternate perspective on human interaction with the material and living world.  

Albena Yaneva, in her introduction to What is Cosmopolitical Design?: Design, Nature, and the Built Environment, explains that "Cosmopolitical thinkers...see nature as no longer being unified enough to provide a stabilizing pattern for the experience of humans; it is not 'out there,' a simple backdrop for human activities."

 Cosmopolitics distinguishes itself from cosmopolitanism by positing a relationship working with nature instead of imposing dominance over nature. As Yaneva writes, "These thinkers abandon the modernist idea of nature as being external to the human experience—a nature that can be mastered by engineers and scientists from outside." 

While cosmopolitics might seem like a far-out, philosophical idea primarily contemplated by academics and architects-- because designers, environmentalists, and vegans all value the connectivity between ourselves and the natural environment, these core concepts are more accessible than they may initially seem.

Ceramic dodo by Corinne Malesy

Many of my clients have found their way to veganism because they are conscious of the effects human decisions have on the planet and are acutely aware that we are merely part of a much larger ecosystem. Mindful, compassionate interior design considers the impacts of our decision-making when designing a space and asks how our choices shape our environment, our community, and the world around us. 

Kintsugi table by Joshua Luker

Home design paired with conscious intent is a significant first step that can begin simply by considering how local and migrating wildlife might be supported rather than harmed by our lifestyle improvements. 

When planning for a home remodel, it's important to care for the plant life that our birds, mammals, reptiles, and insects call home. To preserve existing animal habitats, I advise clients and contractors to protect existing trees, shrubs, and leaf litter when possible and make conscious efforts to minimize sound and light pollution from construction.  

Beyond avoiding harm, our home design may actively support wildlife. For example, well-researched landscaping that incorporates native plants can create opportunities to sustain and shelter local animals and migrating birds. Including flowering plants for bees and butterflies and access to clean drinking and bathing water can also encourage animal and plant life success. A simple 10" saucer provides drinking water for visting deer, racoons, and bobcats in my garden. Birds and lizards bathe and even bees and wasps stop for a drink. I use a good sized rock as a small bird and bug escape raft, but I know many people have equal success using a stick for the same purpose. 

The physical boundaries of our home can sometimes create a sense of othering between us and our environment. It is easy to disengage when we are deep inside our homes. Creating space outside that we feel inclined to make frequent use of can encourage a consistent connection and consideration of our environment. For example, relaxing outdoor areas inspire restoration and observation, while active spaces like vegetable gardens encourage movement and a relationship with our source of nourishment.

We recently designed a rooftop space as a second living room for a young family to relax and socialize. Low-profile furniture was utilized to keep the view open and encourage a personal connection with the expanse around them. 

When inside, designing to highlight our exterior views can help maintain a connection to nature, even while indoors. In spaces where natural views aren’t available, incorporating artwork and materials that reference nature into your home design can help keep the nature brain connection active. 

When we work collaboratively with neighbors, we can extend these benefits further. Home design gives us the option to live in harmony with nature rather than attempting to contain it.  

Physical Considerations are one of the initial items to evaluate when creating a cosmopolitically inclined vegan home. Ranging from the materials we use to the layout of the space, physical considerations will often have the most prominent and direct effect on our health. 

When our studio designs a vegan home, avoiding materials made with animal products is a clear first step. We find it essential to examine all product elements to ensure that the most responsible options are available to our clients. 

Many of us are familiar with closely examining ingredient lists and investigating the steps of food production. Vegan home design follows a similar approach, using extensive research, building relationships with local artisans similar to how we might have previously formed relationships with farmers at local markets. 

Supporting our client's health goes beyond sourcing vegan products. It's common knowledge that many vegan alternatives are made with synthetic fibers and harmful chemicals that can release volatile organic compounds, polluting indoor air and causing discomfort. Ethically sourcing natural options with low or NO VOCs helps ensure that our home's materials serve our health now and in the future.

While every room is vital in the home design process, I've found that the kitchen is often the most significant space in a supportive environment. Over the years, the most common recurring request is dedicated space to accommodate a large quantity of produce. For some clients this challenge is resolved with a sophisticated combination of under-counter refrigerator drawers combined with wall-mounted baskets and bins for room temperature items. Our household manages with a simple collection of large bowls filled every few days. Integrating produce storage in a visually appealing way can add color (and nature) to our kitchens. 

A beautiful and practical walk-in pantry, can serve as a high functioning auxiliary kitchen, this one utilizes a large refrigerator paired with additional freezer drawers and additional storage drawers for dry goods and root vegetables. Ample counter space provides room to work or countertop storage for items that need to be instantly accessible. 

A large island provides the client with room to prepare meals and offers additional seating for guests to socialize or assist during food prep. The kitchen layout also encourages views to the exterior and provides a pleasant view whether drinking coffee or cutting vegetables. 

A focus on functional kitchen design, supported by natural materials and a connection to the outdoors, can contribute to the ease of healthy food preparation, directly impacting our physical and mental wellbeing. 

A consciously designed home that feels mentally supportive incorporates our values into the design process and feels like a joyful expression of our best selves. 

Beyond the peace of mind provided by selecting natural and organic materials, creating a home that encourages rest, rejuvenation, and fosters a connection with nature can help us restore our energies and improve our mood. 

In recent years, we've created an increasing number of dedicated wellness spaces for residential clients. Having a room devoted to wellness prioritizes our mental health and holds space for us to take a time out when needed. For example, a wellness room could be a space for napping, floating, practicing yoga, or creating artwork. When we devote space physically to rest and wellness, our minds engage more naturally in these practices. 

When additional space to devote entirely to wellness may be lacking, bathrooms can ritualize the process of waking up and winding down, offering a space to cleanse and calm during a chaotic day. Each room creates a personalized hub inspired by patterning and imagery in nature. For example, a recent seaside project is an homage to pollinators, with a color palette inspired by honey, with bees inlaid on the tile and honeycomb patterning featured in the floors and referenced in the lighting. For a half bath, a field of flowers illuminates the ceiling, a theme continued in a subtle, abstracted floral patterning dotted in the tiles. Both rooms encourage the user to pause and enjoy their surroundings, making something as simple as hand washing a meditative act. 

By considering a cosmopolitical perspective throughout the home design process, we can make conscious and compassionate decisions that are physically and mentally supportive of ourselves and the environment at large. 

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Real Simple, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).   

Resources

Is That Vegan? An Insider's Guide to Vegan Interior Design.

Vegan Interior Design.

Homes for People and Wildlife: How to Build Housing in a Nature-friendly Way.

What is Cosmopolitical Design? Conference at the Princeton University School of Architecture , 12 Apr. 2013, https://soa.princeton.edu/content/what-cosmopolitical-design

What is Cosmopolitical Design?: Design, Nature, and the Built Environment.

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Real Simple, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).

Cosmopolitcal Design: A New Modality Harnesses the Connection between Home and Nature

With global society and climate in flux, mapping out new ways to live and create in the world has become an essential project. Amid the competing approaches to this transformation, the philosophical school of cosmopolitics, as its name suggests, addresses this challenge in a uniquely holistic way and presents an entirely new perspective on the human relationship with the world.

Albena Yaneva, in her introduction to What is Cosmopolitical Design?: Design, Nature, and the Built Environment, explains that “Cosmopolitical thinkers...see nature as no longer being unified enough to provide a stabilizing pattern for the experience of humans; it is not ‘out there,’ a simple backdrop for human activities.” Cosmopolitics distinguishes itself from cosmopolitanism by positing a relationship with nature and its non-human denizens defined by cohabitation rather than dominance. As Yaneva writes, “These thinkers abandon the modernist idea of nature as being external to the human experience—a nature that can be mastered by engineers and scientists from outside.” 

How does this cosmopolitical perspective manifest in the world of home design? To Yaneva, “It challenges design...to encourage the enactment of new relationships both within and potentially outside the designed space.” Cosmopolitical home design is deeply tied to its locality and integrated with its environment. Yaneva describes cosmopolitical design as “required more than ever to address the primordial question of what it means to live together. That is, the co-existence of humans and non-humans, of how they share space and find ways to live together in peace.”

Because the cosmopolitical way of thinking is so all-encompassing, the approaches to incorporating cosmopolitics into home design are fittingly varied and can be scaled to projects as vast as urban planning or as circumscribed as landscaping a backyard. Manifestations of cosmopolitical home design can range from home renovation with the local climate in mind (for example, placing windows for optimal warmth or cooling of interior spaces) to pollinator-friendly gardens teeming with plants indigenous to their region.

To interior designer Sarah Barnard, WELL AP + LEED AP, bringing cosmopolitics into her home design practice means cultivating spaces that are specific both to her clients and as well as to the local environment and that encourage an accord with the natural world. Sarah says, “Finding ways to harmonize the design of a space to a specific environment instead of working against it is both challenging and rewarding. When a designed space and its greater environment are fully integrated, the effect is almost easier to feel than observe.”

Sarah explains, “I always look for opportunities to create inviting connections between the indoors and the outdoors. This continuity with the natural world is beneficial for emotional and mental health—it’s not just a source of beauty but nourishment.” For an artist’s bungalow, Sarah created a visual continuity between lush indoor plant life and the garden outside, and then took it a step further. Sarah designed the outdoor garden to support pollinators, birds, and other wildlife. The garden is a Certified Monarch Waystation, providing resources to support migrating Monarch butterflies by providing food, water, cover. Sarah said, “Designing homes for wellbeing doesn’t have to stop at the comfort of the client. Incorporating elements of design that nurture the local ecology deepen our relationship with nature and result in spaces that are unified with their surroundings.”

This particular expression of cosmopolitical home design can be achieved even with limited outdoor space. For an oceanview penthouse, Sarah transformed a balcony into an inviting habitat for local and migrating wildlife by adding potted olive trees and an herb garden. “Considering plants not just for their decorative beauty but also what they can offer to the local environment is a concept that works on virtually any scale,” Sarah says. To decorate the interiors, Sarah selected natural and eco-friendly furnishings and textiles, adding that “Organic materials have a gentler environmental impact, and from a wellness perspective, are kinder to the people who live with them.”

When selecting materials and furnishings for home decorating, Sarah often looks to her clients’ priorities to guide her approach to creating spaces that embody a cosmopolitical perspective. For one high-rise suite, the owner’s love of animals was demonstrated not only through the choice of art and decorative objects, but also wanted this care toward animals extended outside home design and beyond aesthetics. Sarah addressed this by using exclusively vegan materials and furnishings for this project. Sarah explains, “No space exists in a vacuum—every object and material we use has a footprint that goes well beyond the front door, so considering the story of the materials we use and the impact that they have on the world is a way to invite cosmopolitical ideas into home design.”

Sustainable materials can also have unexpected origins. For the kitchen of a historic craftsman bungalow, Sarah installed a countertop made of recycled beer bottles, a non-extractive alternative to a more traditional quarried stone countertop. “Not only is the material beautiful and environmentally conscious, but there’s also a little whimsy in how it reinvents something ordinary and adds character to the space,” Sarah says. The implications behind cosmopolitical home design may be weighty, but there is always room for playfulness.

“When I look at my work from a cosmopolitical perspective,” says Sarah, “I see tremendous opportunity for creativity. We are seeing our way of life change in real-time, and as a home designer, I’m lucky to be able to be a part of facilitating that transformation for my clients.”

Sarah Barnard is a WELL and LEED accredited designer and creator of environments that support mental, physical and emotional wellbeing. She creates highly personalized, restorative spaces that are deeply connected to art and the preservation of the environment. An advocate for consciousness, inclusivity, and compassion in the creative process, Sarah’s work has been recognized by Architectural Digest, Elle Décor, Real Simple, HGTV and many other publications. In 2017 Sarah was recognized as a “Ones to Watch” Scholar by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID).